[petsc-users] ASM vs GASM

Boyce Griffith boyceg at gmail.com
Tue Apr 30 22:33:38 CDT 2019


> On Apr 30, 2019, at 6:22 PM, Smith, Barry F. <bsmith at mcs.anl.gov> wrote:
> 
> 
>  Boyce,
> 
>    I noticed that in the KSPView you sent the solver inside GASM was fgmres, I don't know why!

Thanks for checking! I don’t know why either. I often use FGMRES for outer KSPs, and probably used it for the inner ones without thinking. However, switching to preonly does not appear to help here:

==========

Using GMRES as the outer KSP with ILU for the subdomain PC:

./main -d 3 -n 10 -ksp_type gmres -ksp_max_it 20 -ksp_monitor_true_residual -ksp_view

  0 KSP preconditioned resid norm 7.956172961039e-01 true resid norm 5.249964981356e+02 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.000000000000e+00
  1 KSP preconditioned resid norm 1.790924766864e-01 true resid norm 6.415624322140e+01 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.222031831626e-01
  2 KSP preconditioned resid norm 1.021248567184e-02 true resid norm 1.531971188768e+00 ||r(i)||/||b|| 2.918059823653e-03
  3 KSP preconditioned resid norm 1.245290521533e-03 true resid norm 1.344228387002e-01 ||r(i)||/||b|| 2.560452101634e-04
  4 KSP preconditioned resid norm 1.090553693795e-04 true resid norm 1.055832655005e-01 ||r(i)||/||b|| 2.011123233687e-04
  5 KSP preconditioned resid norm 5.774209753120e-06 true resid norm 1.045883881261e-01 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.992173062059e-04
  6 KSP preconditioned resid norm 4.856074176119e-07 true resid norm 1.047048288204e-01 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.994390994840e-04
  7 KSP preconditioned resid norm 3.569834574103e-08 true resid norm 1.046981572164e-01 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.994263915821e-04
  8 KSP preconditioned resid norm 1.914112077836e-09 true resid norm 1.046980716404e-01 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.994262285791e-04
  9 KSP preconditioned resid norm 9.380275080687e-11 true resid norm 1.046980942278e-01 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.994262716030e-04
 10 KSP preconditioned resid norm 3.490998066884e-12 true resid norm 1.046980929565e-01 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.994262691815e-04
 11 KSP preconditioned resid norm 2.275544655754e-13 true resid norm 1.046980929905e-01 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.994262692463e-04
KSP Object: 1 MPI processes
  type: gmres
    restart=30, using Classical (unmodified) Gram-Schmidt Orthogonalization with no iterative refinement
    happy breakdown tolerance 1e-30
  maximum iterations=20, nonzero initial guess
  tolerances:  relative=1e-12, absolute=1e-50, divergence=10000.
  left preconditioning
  using PRECONDITIONED norm type for convergence test
PC Object: 1 MPI processes
  type: gasm
    Restriction/interpolation type: RESTRICT
    requested amount of overlap = 0
    total number of subdomains = 2
    max number of local subdomains = 2
    [0|1] number of locally-supported subdomains = 2
    Subdomain solver info is as follows:
      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
      [0|1] (subcomm [0|1]) local subdomain number 0, local size = 484
    KSP Object: (sub_) 1 MPI processes
      type: preonly
      maximum iterations=10000, initial guess is zero
      tolerances:  relative=1e-05, absolute=1e-50, divergence=10000.
      left preconditioning
      using NONE norm type for convergence test
    PC Object: (sub_) 1 MPI processes
      type: ilu
        out-of-place factorization
        0 levels of fill
        tolerance for zero pivot 2.22045e-14
        matrix ordering: natural
        factor fill ratio given 1., needed 1.
          Factored matrix follows:
            Mat Object: 1 MPI processes
              type: seqaij
              rows=484, cols=484
              package used to perform factorization: petsc
              total: nonzeros=15376, allocated nonzeros=15376
              total number of mallocs used during MatSetValues calls =0
                not using I-node routines
      linear system matrix = precond matrix:
      Mat Object: () 1 MPI processes
        type: seqaij
        rows=484, cols=484
        total: nonzeros=15376, allocated nonzeros=15376
        total number of mallocs used during MatSetValues calls =0
          not using I-node routines
      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
      [0|1] (subcomm [0|1]) local subdomain number 1, local size = 121
    KSP Object: (sub_) 1 MPI processes
      type: preonly
      maximum iterations=10000, initial guess is zero
      tolerances:  relative=1e-05, absolute=1e-50, divergence=10000.
      left preconditioning
      using NONE norm type for convergence test
    PC Object: (sub_) 1 MPI processes
      type: ilu
        out-of-place factorization
        0 levels of fill
        tolerance for zero pivot 2.22045e-14
        matrix ordering: natural
        factor fill ratio given 1., needed 1.
          Factored matrix follows:
            Mat Object: 1 MPI processes
              type: seqaij
              rows=121, cols=121
              package used to perform factorization: petsc
              total: nonzeros=961, allocated nonzeros=961
              total number of mallocs used during MatSetValues calls =0
                not using I-node routines
      linear system matrix = precond matrix:
      Mat Object: () 1 MPI processes
        type: seqaij
        rows=121, cols=121
        total: nonzeros=961, allocated nonzeros=961
        total number of mallocs used during MatSetValues calls =0
          not using I-node routines
      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

This shows convergence in the preconditioned norm but not in the true norm, and the solution appears nonphysical.

==========

Using GMRES for the outer KSP with LU for the subdomain PC:

./main -d 3 -n 10 -ksp_type gmres -sub_pc_type lu -ksp_monitor_true_residual -ksp_view

  0 KSP preconditioned resid norm 7.587523490344e-01 true resid norm 5.249964981356e+02 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.000000000000e+00
  1 KSP preconditioned resid norm 1.452294080360e-15 true resid norm 1.026159563147e-01 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.954602681716e-04
KSP Object: 1 MPI processes
  type: gmres
    restart=30, using Classical (unmodified) Gram-Schmidt Orthogonalization with no iterative refinement
    happy breakdown tolerance 1e-30
  maximum iterations=5000, nonzero initial guess
  tolerances:  relative=1e-12, absolute=1e-50, divergence=10000.
  left preconditioning
  using PRECONDITIONED norm type for convergence test
PC Object: 1 MPI processes
  type: gasm
    Restriction/interpolation type: RESTRICT
    requested amount of overlap = 0
    total number of subdomains = 2
    max number of local subdomains = 2
    [0|1] number of locally-supported subdomains = 2
    Subdomain solver info is as follows:
      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
      [0|1] (subcomm [0|1]) local subdomain number 0, local size = 484
    KSP Object: (sub_) 1 MPI processes
      type: preonly
      maximum iterations=10000, initial guess is zero
      tolerances:  relative=1e-05, absolute=1e-50, divergence=10000.
      left preconditioning
      using NONE norm type for convergence test
    PC Object: (sub_) 1 MPI processes
      type: lu
        out-of-place factorization
        tolerance for zero pivot 2.22045e-14
        matrix ordering: nd
        factor fill ratio given 5., needed 2.69979
          Factored matrix follows:
            Mat Object: 1 MPI processes
              type: seqaij
              rows=484, cols=484
              package used to perform factorization: petsc
              total: nonzeros=41512, allocated nonzeros=41512
              total number of mallocs used during MatSetValues calls =0
                using I-node routines: found 194 nodes, limit used is 5
      linear system matrix = precond matrix:
      Mat Object: () 1 MPI processes
        type: seqaij
        rows=484, cols=484
        total: nonzeros=15376, allocated nonzeros=15376
        total number of mallocs used during MatSetValues calls =0
          not using I-node routines
      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
      [0|1] (subcomm [0|1]) local subdomain number 1, local size = 121
    KSP Object: (sub_) 1 MPI processes
      type: preonly
      maximum iterations=10000, initial guess is zero
      tolerances:  relative=1e-05, absolute=1e-50, divergence=10000.
      left preconditioning
      using NONE norm type for convergence test
    PC Object: (sub_) 1 MPI processes
      type: lu
        out-of-place factorization
        tolerance for zero pivot 2.22045e-14
        matrix ordering: nd
        factor fill ratio given 5., needed 2.57128
          Factored matrix follows:
            Mat Object: 1 MPI processes
              type: seqaij
              rows=121, cols=121
              package used to perform factorization: petsc
              total: nonzeros=2471, allocated nonzeros=2471
              total number of mallocs used during MatSetValues calls =0
                not using I-node routines
      linear system matrix = precond matrix:
      Mat Object: () 1 MPI processes
        type: seqaij
        rows=121, cols=121
        total: nonzeros=961, allocated nonzeros=961
        total number of mallocs used during MatSetValues calls =0
          not using I-node routines
      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -



==========

Using FGMRES as the outer KSP:

./main -d 3 -n 10 -ksp_type fgmres -ksp_max_it 20 -ksp_monitor_true_residual -ksp_view

  0 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 5.249964981356e+02 true resid norm 5.249964981356e+02 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.000000000000e+00
  1 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 9.908062627364e+00 true resid norm 9.908062627364e+00 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.887262612713e-02
  2 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 1.198244246143e+00 true resid norm 1.198244246143e+00 ||r(i)||/||b|| 2.282385216660e-03
  3 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 1.011712741080e-01 true resid norm 1.011712741080e-01 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.927084741847e-04
  4 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 9.890789240724e-02 true resid norm 9.890789240713e-02 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.883972421881e-04
  5 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 9.790912262081e-02 true resid norm 9.790912262142e-02 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.864948108590e-04
  6 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 9.758733533827e-02 true resid norm 9.758733534329e-02 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.858818786218e-04
  7 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 9.754239526505e-02 true resid norm 9.754239528968e-02 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.857962779487e-04
  8 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 9.732735871034e-02 true resid norm 9.732735925876e-02 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.853866827767e-04
  9 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 9.681037606662e-02 true resid norm 9.681036910553e-02 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.844019330592e-04
 10 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 9.672261014893e-02 true resid norm 9.672255386871e-02 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.842346648258e-04
 11 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 9.636675313899e-02 true resid norm 9.636858548398e-02 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.835604348338e-04
 12 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 9.626809760271e-02 true resid norm 9.624997274413e-02 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.833345042985e-04
 13 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 9.538127889520e-02 true resid norm 9.646040937528e-02 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.837353386505e-04
 14 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 7.698037210447e-02 true resid norm 1.004972547621e-01 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.914246192480e-04
 15 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 6.963471194663e-02 true resid norm 1.021051124617e-01 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.944872257707e-04
 16 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 6.288795988348e-02 true resid norm 1.048077408458e-01 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.996351236971e-04
 17 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 5.576252453977e-02 true resid norm 1.071287580389e-01 ||r(i)||/||b|| 2.040561383159e-04
 18 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 5.096717927451e-02 true resid norm 1.092140137471e-01 ||r(i)||/||b|| 2.080280804443e-04
 19 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 4.698350635435e-02 true resid norm 1.104283980783e-01 ||r(i)||/||b|| 2.103412088852e-04
 20 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 4.387914680239e-02 true resid norm 1.116698560164e-01 ||r(i)||/||b|| 2.127059064451e-04
KSP Object: 1 MPI processes
  type: fgmres
    restart=30, using Classical (unmodified) Gram-Schmidt Orthogonalization with no iterative refinement
    happy breakdown tolerance 1e-30
  maximum iterations=20, nonzero initial guess
  tolerances:  relative=1e-12, absolute=1e-50, divergence=10000.
  right preconditioning
  using UNPRECONDITIONED norm type for convergence test
PC Object: 1 MPI processes
  type: gasm
    Restriction/interpolation type: RESTRICT
    requested amount of overlap = 0
    total number of subdomains = 2
    max number of local subdomains = 2
    [0|1] number of locally-supported subdomains = 2
    Subdomain solver info is as follows:
      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
      [0|1] (subcomm [0|1]) local subdomain number 0, local size = 484
    KSP Object: (sub_) 1 MPI processes
      type: preonly
      maximum iterations=10000, initial guess is zero
      tolerances:  relative=1e-05, absolute=1e-50, divergence=10000.
      left preconditioning
      using NONE norm type for convergence test
    PC Object: (sub_) 1 MPI processes
      type: ilu
        out-of-place factorization
        0 levels of fill
        tolerance for zero pivot 2.22045e-14
        matrix ordering: natural
        factor fill ratio given 1., needed 1.
          Factored matrix follows:
            Mat Object: 1 MPI processes
              type: seqaij
              rows=484, cols=484
              package used to perform factorization: petsc
              total: nonzeros=15376, allocated nonzeros=15376
              total number of mallocs used during MatSetValues calls =0
                not using I-node routines
      linear system matrix = precond matrix:
      Mat Object: () 1 MPI processes
        type: seqaij
        rows=484, cols=484
        total: nonzeros=15376, allocated nonzeros=15376
        total number of mallocs used during MatSetValues calls =0
          not using I-node routines
      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
      [0|1] (subcomm [0|1]) local subdomain number 1, local size = 121
    KSP Object: (sub_) 1 MPI processes
      type: preonly
      maximum iterations=10000, initial guess is zero
      tolerances:  relative=1e-05, absolute=1e-50, divergence=10000.
      left preconditioning
      using NONE norm type for convergence test
    PC Object: (sub_) 1 MPI processes
      type: ilu
        out-of-place factorization
        0 levels of fill
        tolerance for zero pivot 2.22045e-14
        matrix ordering: natural
        factor fill ratio given 1., needed 1.
          Factored matrix follows:
            Mat Object: 1 MPI processes
              type: seqaij
              rows=121, cols=121
              package used to perform factorization: petsc
              total: nonzeros=961, allocated nonzeros=961
              total number of mallocs used during MatSetValues calls =0
                not using I-node routines
      linear system matrix = precond matrix:
      Mat Object: () 1 MPI processes
        type: seqaij
        rows=121, cols=121
        total: nonzeros=961, allocated nonzeros=961
        total number of mallocs used during MatSetValues calls =0
          not using I-node routines
      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

==========

Again, note that using the same subdomains, ASM appears to work fine.

> This would explain why the outer GMRES had inconsistent residuals. If you switch the inner solver to preonly + LU for GASM what happens? 
> 
>> On Apr 30, 2019, at 11:36 AM, Boyce Griffith via petsc-users <petsc-users at mcs.anl.gov> wrote:
>> 
>> 
>> 
>>> On Apr 30, 2019, at 12:31 PM, Mark Adams <mfadams at lbl.gov> wrote:
>>> 
>>> When I said it was singular I was looking at "preconditioned residual norm to an rtol of 1e-12. If I look at the true residual norm, however, it stagnates around 1e-4."
>>> 
>>> This is not what I am seeing in this output.
>> 
>> Whoops, I switched the outer KSP from GMRES to FGMRES.
>> 
>> With GMRES, the preconditioned residual norm drops nicely (but, of course, the solution is no good):
>> 
>> $ ./main -d 3 -n 10 -ksp_type gmres -ksp_monitor_true_residual
>> Running ./main -d 3 -n 10 -ksp_type gmres -ksp_monitor_true_residual
>> 
>>  0 KSP preconditioned resid norm 7.954859454640e-01 true resid norm 5.249964981356e+02 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.000000000000e+00
>>  1 KSP preconditioned resid norm 1.791745669837e-01 true resid norm 6.420515097608e+01 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.222963414120e-01
>>  2 KSP preconditioned resid norm 1.018932536518e-02 true resid norm 1.538149013353e+00 ||r(i)||/||b|| 2.929827187068e-03
>>  3 KSP preconditioned resid norm 1.247250041620e-03 true resid norm 1.231074134137e-01 ||r(i)||/||b|| 2.344918753761e-04
>>  4 KSP preconditioned resid norm 1.090687825399e-04 true resid norm 9.214204251786e-02 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.755098231037e-04
>>  5 KSP preconditioned resid norm 5.773017036638e-06 true resid norm 9.199655161085e-02 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.752326957181e-04
>>  6 KSP preconditioned resid norm 4.880868222010e-07 true resid norm 9.199488147685e-02 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.752295144892e-04
>>  7 KSP preconditioned resid norm 3.528569945380e-08 true resid norm 9.199485972669e-02 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.752294730601e-04
>>  8 KSP preconditioned resid norm 1.875782938387e-09 true resid norm 9.199486015879e-02 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.752294738832e-04
>>  9 KSP preconditioned resid norm 8.952213054230e-11 true resid norm 9.199486012037e-02 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.752294738100e-04
>> 10 KSP preconditioned resid norm 3.450175063457e-12 true resid norm 9.199486011997e-02 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.752294738092e-04
>> 11 KSP preconditioned resid norm 2.186653062508e-13 true resid norm 9.199486012016e-02 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.752294738096e-04
>> 
>>> It is just a poor PC. The big drop in the residual at the beginning is suspicious. When you solve this problem well have you checked that you are getting a good solution?
>> 
>> Yes indeed, the solution appears to be no good with this preconditioner.
>> 
>> Note that all that the PC is doing is applying GASM to split the problem onto two subdomains.
>> 
>>> That is, do you check that your model is not messed up, like a bad mesh.
>> 
>> This is a uniform HEX mesh automatically generated by libMesh.
>> 
>>> On Tue, Apr 30, 2019 at 11:35 AM Boyce Griffith via petsc-users <petsc-users at mcs.anl.gov> wrote:
>>> 
>>> 
>>>> On Apr 30, 2019, at 11:23 AM, Fande Kong <fdkong.jd at gmail.com> wrote:
>>>> 
>>>> 
>>>> 
>>>> On Tue, Apr 30, 2019 at 7:40 AM Boyce Griffith via petsc-users <petsc-users at mcs.anl.gov> wrote:
>>>> 
>>>> 
>>>>> On Apr 30, 2019, at 9:06 AM, Mark Adams <mfadams at lbl.gov> wrote:
>>>>> 
>>>>> 
>>>>> 
>>>>> 
>>>>> Allowing GASM to construct the "outer" subdomains from the non-overlapping "inner" subdomains, and using "exact" subdomain solvers (subdomain KSPs are using FGMRES+ILU with an rtol of 1e-12), I get convergence in ~2 iterations in the preconditioned residual norm to an rtol of 1e-12. If I look at the true residual norm, however, it stagnates around 1e-4.
>>>>> 
>>>>> 
>>>>> That PC is singular. 
>>>> 
>>>> Yes. I am confused about why GASM is giving a singular PC but ASM is not with the same subdomains.
>>>> 
>>>> We could not tell much without the info of detailed solver setup. The overlapping function was implemented by me and Dmitry a couple of years ago, and it is trick when a subdomain is shared by multiple cores.  Do you mind to start from our example? Or setup an example for us to demonstrate  your issues? 
>>>> 
>>>> At least please use "-ksp_view" (linear solver) or "-snes_view" (nonlinear solver) to print more information that will help us a bit.
>>> 
>>> Here you go:
>>> 
>>> $ ./main -d 3 -n 10 -ksp_type fgmres -sub_ksp_type fgmres -sub_pc_type ilu -sub_ksp_rtol 1.0e-12 -ksp_converged_reason -ksp_monitor_true_residual -ksp_max_it 10 -ksp_view
>>> make: `main' is up to date.
>>> Running ./main -d 3 -n 10 -ksp_type fgmres -sub_ksp_type fgmres -sub_pc_type ilu -sub_ksp_rtol 1.0e-12 -ksp_converged_reason -ksp_monitor_true_residual -ksp_max_it 10 -ksp_view
>>> 
>>>  0 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 5.249964981356e+02 true resid norm 5.249964981356e+02 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.000000000000e+00
>>>  1 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 9.316296223724e-02 true resid norm 9.316296223724e-02 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.774544450641e-04
>>>  2 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 9.314881028141e-02 true resid norm 9.314881028141e-02 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.774274887779e-04
>>>  3 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 9.299990517422e-02 true resid norm 9.299918556770e-02 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.771424874222e-04
>>>  4 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 9.224468272306e-02 true resid norm 9.393543403858e-02 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.789258297382e-04
>>>  5 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 9.150828598034e-02 true resid norm 9.511673987375e-02 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.811759510997e-04
>>>  6 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 9.078924839691e-02 true resid norm 1.013093335976e-01 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.929714463951e-04
>>>  7 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 9.008689850931e-02 true resid norm 1.011099594157e-01 ||r(i)||/||b|| 1.925916835155e-04
>>>  8 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 8.940060065590e-02 true resid norm 1.090779251949e-01 ||r(i)||/||b|| 2.077688624253e-04
>>>  9 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 8.872975256529e-02 true resid norm 1.102873098599e-01 ||r(i)||/||b|| 2.100724676289e-04
>>> 10 KSP unpreconditioned resid norm 8.807378313465e-02 true resid norm 1.071996745064e-01 ||r(i)||/||b|| 2.041912182026e-04
>>> Linear solve did not converge due to DIVERGED_ITS iterations 10
>>> KSP Object: 1 MPI processes
>>>  type: fgmres
>>>    restart=30, using Classical (unmodified) Gram-Schmidt Orthogonalization with no iterative refinement
>>>    happy breakdown tolerance 1e-30
>>>  maximum iterations=10, nonzero initial guess
>>>  tolerances:  relative=1e-12, absolute=1e-50, divergence=10000.
>>>  right preconditioning
>>>  using UNPRECONDITIONED norm type for convergence test
>>> PC Object: 1 MPI processes
>>>  type: gasm
>>>    Restriction/interpolation type: RESTRICT
>>>    requested amount of overlap = 0
>>>    total number of subdomains = 2
>>>    max number of local subdomains = 2
>>>    [0|1] number of locally-supported subdomains = 2
>>>    Subdomain solver info is as follows:
>>>      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
>>>      [0|1] (subcomm [0|1]) local subdomain number 0, local size = 484
>>>    KSP Object: (sub_) 1 MPI processes
>>>      type: fgmres
>>>        restart=30, using Classical (unmodified) Gram-Schmidt Orthogonalization with no iterative refinement
>>>        happy breakdown tolerance 1e-30
>>>      maximum iterations=10000, initial guess is zero
>>>      tolerances:  relative=1e-12, absolute=1e-50, divergence=10000.
>>>      right preconditioning
>>>      using UNPRECONDITIONED norm type for convergence test
>>>    PC Object: (sub_) 1 MPI processes
>>>      type: ilu
>>>        out-of-place factorization
>>>        0 levels of fill
>>>        tolerance for zero pivot 2.22045e-14
>>>        matrix ordering: natural
>>>        factor fill ratio given 1., needed 1.
>>>          Factored matrix follows:
>>>            Mat Object: 1 MPI processes
>>>              type: seqaij
>>>              rows=484, cols=484
>>>              package used to perform factorization: petsc
>>>              total: nonzeros=15376, allocated nonzeros=15376
>>>              total number of mallocs used during MatSetValues calls =0
>>>                not using I-node routines
>>>      linear system matrix = precond matrix:
>>>      Mat Object: () 1 MPI processes
>>>        type: seqaij
>>>        rows=484, cols=484
>>>        total: nonzeros=15376, allocated nonzeros=15376
>>>        total number of mallocs used during MatSetValues calls =0
>>>          not using I-node routines
>>>      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
>>>      [0|1] (subcomm [0|1]) local subdomain number 1, local size = 121
>>>    KSP Object: (sub_) 1 MPI processes
>>>      type: fgmres
>>>        restart=30, using Classical (unmodified) Gram-Schmidt Orthogonalization with no iterative refinement
>>>        happy breakdown tolerance 1e-30
>>>      maximum iterations=10000, initial guess is zero
>>>      tolerances:  relative=1e-12, absolute=1e-50, divergence=10000.
>>>      right preconditioning
>>>      using UNPRECONDITIONED norm type for convergence test
>>>    PC Object: (sub_) 1 MPI processes
>>>      type: ilu
>>>        out-of-place factorization
>>>        0 levels of fill
>>>        tolerance for zero pivot 2.22045e-14
>>>        matrix ordering: natural
>>>        factor fill ratio given 1., needed 1.
>>>          Factored matrix follows:
>>>            Mat Object: 1 MPI processes
>>>              type: seqaij
>>>              rows=121, cols=121
>>>              package used to perform factorization: petsc
>>>              total: nonzeros=961, allocated nonzeros=961
>>>              total number of mallocs used during MatSetValues calls =0
>>>                not using I-node routines
>>>      linear system matrix = precond matrix:
>>>      Mat Object: () 1 MPI processes
>>>        type: seqaij
>>>        rows=121, cols=121
>>>        total: nonzeros=961, allocated nonzeros=961
>>>        total number of mallocs used during MatSetValues calls =0
>>>          not using I-node routines
>>>      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
>>> [0]PETSC ERROR: --------------------- Error Message --------------------------------------------------------------
>>> [0]PETSC ERROR: Petsc has generated inconsistent data
>>> [0]PETSC ERROR: Called more times than PetscViewerASCIIPushSynchronized()
>>> [0]PETSC ERROR: See http://www.mcs.anl.gov/petsc/documentation/faq.html for trouble shooting.
>>> [0]PETSC ERROR: Petsc Release Version 3.11.1, unknown 
>>> [0]PETSC ERROR: ./main on a darwin-dbg named boycesimacwork.dhcp.unc.edu by boyceg Tue Apr 30 11:29:02 2019
>>> [0]PETSC ERROR: Configure options --CC=mpicc --CXX=mpicxx --FC=mpif90 --PETSC_ARCH=darwin-dbg --with-debugging=1 --with-c++-support=1 --with-hypre=1 --download-hypre=1 --with-hdf5=1 --with-hdf5-dir=/usr/local
>>> [0]PETSC ERROR: #1 PetscViewerASCIIPopSynchronized() line 438 in /Users/boyceg/sfw/petsc/petsc-maint/src/sys/classes/viewer/impls/ascii/filev.c
>>> [0]PETSC ERROR: #2 PCView_GASM() line 251 in /Users/boyceg/sfw/petsc/petsc-maint/src/ksp/pc/impls/gasm/gasm.c
>>> [0]PETSC ERROR: #3 PCView() line 1651 in /Users/boyceg/sfw/petsc/petsc-maint/src/ksp/pc/interface/precon.c
>>> [0]PETSC ERROR: #4 KSPView() line 213 in /Users/boyceg/sfw/petsc/petsc-maint/src/ksp/ksp/interface/itcreate.c
>>> [0]PETSC ERROR: #5 PetscObjectView() line 100 in /Users/boyceg/sfw/petsc/petsc-maint/src/sys/objects/destroy.c
>>> [0]PETSC ERROR: #6 ObjectView() line 14 in /Users/boyceg/sfw/petsc/petsc-maint/src/ksp/ksp/interface/itfunc.c
>>> [0]PETSC ERROR: #7 KSPSolve() line 831 in /Users/boyceg/sfw/petsc/petsc-maint/src/ksp/ksp/interface/itfunc.c
>>> 
>>>> One difference between them is that the default GASM overlap is 0 (https://www.mcs.anl.gov/petsc/petsc-current/docs/manualpages/PC/PCGASMSetOverlap.html), but the default ASM overlap is 1 (https://www.mcs.anl.gov/petsc/petsc-current/docs/manualpages/PC/PCASMSetOverlap.html).
>>>> 
>>>> For your particular application, not sure you need any overlap since there are two different PDEs on two different subdomains. It may be fine to run the PC without the overlapping domain.   It is a definitely interesting application for GASM. 
>>>> 
>>>> Fande,
>>>> 
>>>> 
>>>> However, changing the GASM overlap does not make any difference in the convergence history.
>>>> 
>>>> -- Boyce
>>> 
>> 
> 

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