<html><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body style="overflow-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;"><br><div> When you use 2 KSP so that you can use the previous "solution" as the initial guess for the next problem, how much savings do you get? In iterations inside <span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">PCREDISTRIBUTE and in time (relative to the entire linear solver time and relative to the entire application run)? You can get this information running with -log_view</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><br></span></div><div><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> That is, run the 2 KSP simulation twice, once with the inner KSPSetNonzeroInitialGuess() on and once with it off and compare the times for the two cases.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><br></span></div><div><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> Thanks</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><br></span></div><div><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> Barry</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><br></span></div><div><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> Using </span><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">KSPSetNonzeroInitialGuess() requires an extra matrix-vector product and preconditioner application, so I would like to verify that you have a measurable performance improvement with the initial guess.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><br></span></div><div><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> </span></div><div><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><br></span></div><div><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><br></span></div><div><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><br></span></div><div><font face="Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 14.666667px;"><br></span></font></div><div><font face="Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 14.666667px;"><br></span></font><blockquote type="cite"><div>On Aug 21, 2023, at 7:06 AM, Jonas Lundgren via petsc-users <petsc-users@mcs.anl.gov> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div><meta charset="UTF-8"><div class="WordSection1" style="page: WordSection1; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;"><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><span lang="SV">Dear PETSc users,<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><span lang="SV"><o:p> </o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">I have a problem regarding the setting of initial guess to KSP when using PCREDISTRIBUTE as the preconditioner. (The reason to why I use PCREDISTRIBUTE is because I have a lot of fixed DOF in my problem, and PCREDISTRIBUTE successfully reduces the problem size and therefore speeds up the solving).<o:p></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><o:p> </o:p></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">First, some details:<o:p></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; text-indent: -18pt;"><span>-<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-feature-settings: normal; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-variation-settings: normal;"> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span>I use a version of PETSc 3.19.1<o:p></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; text-indent: -18pt;"><span>-<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-feature-settings: normal; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-variation-settings: normal;"> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span>The KSP I use is KSPPREONLY, as suggested in the manual pages of PCREDISTRIBUTE:<a href="https://petsc.org/release/manualpages/PC/PCREDISTRIBUTE/" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); text-decoration: underline;">https://petsc.org/release/manualpages/PC/PCREDISTRIBUTE/</a><o:p></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; text-indent: -18pt;"><span>-<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-feature-settings: normal; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-variation-settings: normal;"> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span>I use KSPBCGSL as sub-KSP. I can perfectly well solve my problem using this as my main KSP, but the performance is much worse than when using it as my sub-KSP (under KSPPREONLY+PCREDISTRIBUTE) due to the amount of fixed DOF<o:p></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; text-indent: -18pt;"><span>-<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-feature-settings: normal; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-variation-settings: normal;"> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span>I am first solving a state problem, then an adjoint problem using the same linear operator.<o:p></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; text-indent: -18pt;"><span>-<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-feature-settings: normal; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-variation-settings: normal;"> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span>The adjoint vector is used as sensitivity information to update a design. After the design update, the state+adjoint problems are solved again with a slightly updated linear operator. This is done for hundreds of (design) iteration steps<o:p></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; text-indent: -18pt;"><span>-<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-feature-settings: normal; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-variation-settings: normal;"> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span>I want the initial guess for the state problem to be the state solution from the previous (design) iteration, and same for the adjoint problem<o:p></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; text-indent: -18pt;"><span>-<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-feature-settings: normal; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-variation-settings: normal;"> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span>I am aware of the default way of setting a custom initial guess: KSPSetInitialGuessNonzero(ksp, PETSC_TRUE) together with providing the actual guess in the x vector in the call to KSPSolve(ksp, b, x)<o:p></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><o:p> </o:p></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">The main problem is that PCREDISTRIBUTE internally doesn’t use the input solution vector (x) when calling KSPSolve() for the sub-KSP. It zeroes out the solution vector (x) when starting to build x = diag(A)^{-1} b in the beginning of PCApply_Redistribute(), and uses red->x as the solution vector/initial guess when calling KSPSolve(). Therefore, I cannot reach the sub-KSP with an initial guess.<o:p></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><o:p> </o:p></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">Additionally, KSPPREONLY prohibits the use of having a nonzero initial guess (the error message says “it doesn’t make sense”). I guess I can remove the line raising this error and recompile the PETSc libraries, but it still won’t solve the previously mentioned problem, which seems to be the hard nut to crack.<o:p></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><o:p> </o:p></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">So far, I have found out that if I create 2 KSP object, one each for the state and adjoint problems, it is enough with calling KSPSetInitialGuessNonzero(subksp, PETSC_TRUE) on the subksp. It seems as if the variable red->x in PCApply_Redistribute() is kept untouched in memory between calls to the main KSP and therefore is used as (non-zero) initial guess to the sub-KSP. This has been verified by introducing PetscCall(PetscObjectCompose((PetscObject)pc,"redx",(PetscObject)red->x)); in PCApply_Redistribute(), recompiling the PETSc library, and then inserting a corresponding PetscObjectQuery((PetscObject)pc, "redx", (PetscObject *)&redx); in my own program source file.<o:p></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><o:p> </o:p></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">However, I would like to only create 1 KSP to be used with both the state and adjoint problems (same linear operator), for memory reasons. When I do this, the initial guesses are mixed up between the two problems: the initial guess for the adjoint problem is the solution to the state problem in the current design iteration, and the initial guess for the state problem is the solution to the adjoint problem in the previous design iteration. These are very bad guesses that increases the time to convergence in each state/adjoint solve.<o:p></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><o:p> </o:p></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">So, the core of the problem (as far as I can understand) is that I want to control the initial guess red->x in PCApply_Redistribute().<o:p></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><o:p> </o:p></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">The only solution I can think of is to include a call to PetscObjectQuery() in PCApply_Redistribute() to obtain a vector with the initial guess from my main program. And then I need to keep track of the initial guesses for my both problems in my main program myself (minor problem). This is maybe not the neatest way, and I do not know if this approach affects the performance negatively? Maybe one call each to PetscObjectQuery() and PetscObjectCompose() per call to PCApply_Redistribute() is negligible?<o:p></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><o:p> </o:p></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">Is there another (and maybe simpler) solution to this problem? Maybe I can SCATTER_FORWARD the input x vector in PCApply_Redistribute() before it is zeroed out, together with allowing for non-zero initial guess in KSPPREONLY?<o:p></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><o:p> </o:p></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">Any help is welcome!<o:p></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><o:p> </o:p></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><o:p> </o:p></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">Best regards,<o:p></o:p></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">Jonas Lundgren</div></div></div></blockquote></div><br></body></html>