/*
   - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
   SLEPc - Scalable Library for Eigenvalue Problem Computations
   Copyright (c) 2002-2019, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, Spain

   This file is part of SLEPc.
   SLEPc is distributed under a 2-clause BSD license (see LICENSE).
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*/

static char help[] = "Solves the same eigenproblem as in example ex2, but using a shell matrix. "
  "The problem is a standard symmetric eigenproblem corresponding to the 2-D Laplacian operator.\n\n"
  "The command line options are:\n"
  "  -n <n>, where <n> = number of grid subdivisions in both x and y dimensions.\n\n";

#include <slepceps.h>

/*
   User-defined routines
*/
PetscErrorCode MatMult_Laplacian2D(Mat A,Vec x,Vec y);
PetscErrorCode MatGetDiagonal_Laplacian2D(Mat A,Vec diag);

int main(int argc,char **argv)
{
  Mat            A,B;               /* operator matrix */
  EPS            eps;             /* eigenproblem solver context */
  ST             st;
  EPSType        type;
  PetscMPIInt    size;
  PetscInt       N,n=10,nev,Istart,Iend,II,i,j;
  PetscBool      terse;
  PetscErrorCode ierr;

  ierr = SlepcInitialize(&argc,&argv,(char*)0,help);if (ierr) return ierr;
  ierr = MPI_Comm_size(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,&size);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (size != 1) SETERRQ(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,1,"This is a uniprocessor example only");

  ierr = PetscOptionsGetInt(NULL,NULL,"-n",&n,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  N = n*n;
  ierr = PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,"\n2-D Laplacian Eigenproblem (matrix-free version), N=%D (%Dx%D grid)\n\n",N,n,n);CHKERRQ(ierr);

  /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
       Create the operator matrix that defines the eigensystem, Ax=kx
     - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

  ierr = MatCreateShell(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,N,N,N,N,&n,&A);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = MatShellSetOperation(A,MATOP_MULT,(void(*)(void))MatMult_Laplacian2D);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  /*ierr = MatShellSetOperation(A,MATOP_MULT_TRANSPOSE,(void(*)(void))MatMult_Laplacian2D);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = MatShellSetOperation(A,MATOP_GET_DIAGONAL,(void(*)(void))MatGetDiagonal_Laplacian2D);CHKERRQ(ierr);*/

  ierr = MatCreate(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,&B);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = MatSetSizes(B,PETSC_DECIDE,PETSC_DECIDE,N,N);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = MatSetFromOptions(B);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = MatSetUp(B);CHKERRQ(ierr);

  ierr = MatGetOwnershipRange(B,&Istart,&Iend);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  for (II=Istart;II<Iend;II++) {
    i = II/n; j = II-i*n;
    if (i>0) { ierr = MatSetValue(B,II,II-n,-1.0,INSERT_VALUES);CHKERRQ(ierr); }
    if (i<n-1) { ierr = MatSetValue(B,II,II+n,-1.0,INSERT_VALUES);CHKERRQ(ierr); }
    if (j>0) { ierr = MatSetValue(B,II,II-1,-1.0,INSERT_VALUES);CHKERRQ(ierr); }
    if (j<n-1) { ierr = MatSetValue(B,II,II+1,-1.0,INSERT_VALUES);CHKERRQ(ierr); }
    ierr = MatSetValue(B,II,II,4.0,INSERT_VALUES);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }

  ierr = MatAssemblyBegin(B,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = MatAssemblyEnd(B,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);

  /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
                Create the eigensolver and set various options
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  /*
     Create eigensolver context
  */
  ierr = EPSCreate(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,&eps);CHKERRQ(ierr);

  /*
     Set operators. In this case, it is a standard eigenvalue problem
  */
  ierr = EPSSetOperators(eps,A,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = EPSSetProblemType(eps,EPS_HEP);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = EPSGetST(eps,&st);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = STPrecondSetMatForPC(st,B);CHKERRQ(ierr);

  /*
     Set solver parameters at runtime
  */
  ierr = EPSSetFromOptions(eps);CHKERRQ(ierr);

  /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
                      Solve the eigensystem
     - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

  ierr = EPSSolve(eps);CHKERRQ(ierr);

  /*
     Optional: Get some information from the solver and display it
  */
  ierr = EPSGetType(eps,&type);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD," Solution method: %s\n\n",type);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = EPSGetDimensions(eps,&nev,NULL,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD," Number of requested eigenvalues: %D\n",nev);CHKERRQ(ierr);

  /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
                    Display solution and clean up
     - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

  /* show detailed info unless -terse option is given by user */
  ierr = PetscOptionsHasName(NULL,NULL,"-terse",&terse);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (terse) {
    ierr = EPSErrorView(eps,EPS_ERROR_RELATIVE,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  } else {
    ierr = PetscViewerPushFormat(PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_WORLD,PETSC_VIEWER_ASCII_INFO_DETAIL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = EPSReasonView(eps,PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_WORLD);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = EPSErrorView(eps,EPS_ERROR_RELATIVE,PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_WORLD);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscViewerPopFormat(PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_WORLD);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }
  ierr = EPSDestroy(&eps);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = MatDestroy(&A);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = MatDestroy(&B);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = SlepcFinalize();
  return ierr;
}

/*
    Compute the matrix vector multiplication y<---T*x where T is a nx by nx
    tridiagonal matrix with DD on the diagonal, DL on the subdiagonal, and
    DU on the superdiagonal.
 */
static void tv(int nx,const PetscScalar *x,PetscScalar *y)
{
  PetscScalar dd,dl,du;
  int         j;

  dd  = 4.0;
  dl  = -1.0;
  du  = -1.0;

  y[0] =  dd*x[0] + du*x[1];
  for (j=1;j<nx-1;j++)
    y[j] = dl*x[j-1] + dd*x[j] + du*x[j+1];
  y[nx-1] = dl*x[nx-2] + dd*x[nx-1];
}

/*
    Matrix-vector product subroutine for the 2D Laplacian.

    The matrix used is the 2 dimensional discrete Laplacian on unit square with
    zero Dirichlet boundary condition.

    Computes y <-- A*x, where A is the block tridiagonal matrix

                 | T -I          |
                 |-I  T -I       |
             A = |   -I  T       |
                 |        ...  -I|
                 |           -I T|

    The subroutine TV is called to compute y<--T*x.
 */
PetscErrorCode MatMult_Laplacian2D(Mat A,Vec x,Vec y)
{
  void              *ctx;
  int               nx,lo,i,j;
  const PetscScalar *px;
  PetscScalar       *py;
  PetscErrorCode    ierr;

  PetscFunctionBeginUser;
  ierr = MatShellGetContext(A,&ctx);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  nx = *(int*)ctx;
  ierr = VecGetArrayRead(x,&px);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = VecGetArray(y,&py);CHKERRQ(ierr);

  tv(nx,&px[0],&py[0]);
  for (i=0;i<nx;i++) py[i] -= px[nx+i];

  for (j=2;j<nx;j++) {
    lo = (j-1)*nx;
    tv(nx,&px[lo],&py[lo]);
    for (i=0;i<nx;i++) py[lo+i] -= px[lo-nx+i] + px[lo+nx+i];
  }

  lo = (nx-1)*nx;
  tv(nx,&px[lo],&py[lo]);
  for (i=0;i<nx;i++) py[lo+i] -= px[lo-nx+i];

  ierr = VecRestoreArrayRead(x,&px);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = VecRestoreArray(y,&py);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

PetscErrorCode MatGetDiagonal_Laplacian2D(Mat A,Vec diag)
{
  PetscErrorCode ierr;

  PetscFunctionBeginUser;
  ierr = VecSet(diag,4.0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

/*TEST

   test:
      suffix: 1
      args: -n 72 -eps_nev 4 -eps_ncv 20 -terse
      requires: !single

TEST*/